Act now: end child labour!
This year’s World Day Against Child Labour
focuses on action taken for the 2021 International Year for the
Elimination of Child Labour. It is the first World Day since the universal
ratification of the ILO’s Convention No. 182 on the Worst Forms of Child
Labour, and takes place at time when the COVID-19 crisis threatens to reverse
years of progress in tackling the problem.In June for the World Day, the ILO
and UNICEF will release new global estimates and trends on child labour
(2016-2020), under the aegis of Alliance 8.7. The report will include an
assessment of how the pace of progress towards ending child labour is likely to
be affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the unprecedented economic crisis that
has accompanied it.
Almost one in ten of all children worldwide are
in child labour. While the number of children in child labour has declined by
94 million since 2000, the rate of reduction slowed by two-thirds
in recent years. Target 8.7 of the UN Sustainable Development Goals calls
for an end to child labour in all its forms by 2025. How can the world
community get firmly on track toward eliminating child labour?
Prevalence of child labour
Children around the world are routinely engaged
in paid and unpaid forms of work that are not harmful to them. However, they
are classified as child labourers when they are either too young to work, or
are involved in hazardous activities that may compromise their physical,
mental, social or educational development. In the least developed countries,
slightly more than one in four children (ages 5 to 17) are engaged in labour
that is considered detrimental to their health and development.
Africa ranks highest among regions both in the
percentage of children in child labour — one-fifth — and the absolute number of
children in child labour — 72 million. Asia and the Pacific ranks second
highest in both these measures — 7% of all children and 62 million in absolute
terms are in child labour in this region.The Africa and the Asia and the
Pacific regions together account for almost nine out of every ten children in
child labour worldwide.
While the percentage of children in child labour
is highest in low-income countries, their numbers are actually greater in
middle-income countries. 9% all children in lower-middle-income countries, and
7% of all children in upper-middle-income countries, are in child labour.
Statistics on the absolute number of children in child labour in each national
income grouping indicate that 84 million children in child labour, accounting
for 56% of all those in child labour, actually live in middle-income countries,
and an additional 2 million live in high-income countries.
Did you know?
• The number of children in child labour has
risen to 160 million worldwide – an increase of 8.4 million children in the
last four years
• The agriculture sector accounts for 70% of
children in child labour, followed by 20% in services and 10% in industry.
• Child labour is more prevalent among boys than
girls at every age but when 21 hours per week of household chores are taken
into account, the gender gap in child labour narrows.
• Child labour in rural areas stands at 14%,
nearly three times higher than the 5% in urban areas.
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