Gastrointestinal Infection In Children

Article By Ecenur Dede 

Gastrointestinal Infection is one of the diseases that human-beings suffer in the world.The reason of such a disease can be depicted as not drinking enough water ,consuming contaminated water or foods ,genetic factors or contacting with already infected people.A lthough most gastrointestinal infections are acute or easily cured, some become chronic such as infections by Helicobacter pylori and Strongyloides stercoralis. (Procop,2001).Therefore,it is crucial to diagnose at early stages and have immediate medical response.Such infections can mostly be 

witnessed in developing countries particularly in children.In this article,it will be explained the effects of gastrointestinal infection on children and the causes behind it Gastrointestinal infection affects the quality of lives in developing countries.The children in particular are influenced mostly by such infections such as diarrhea or gallstone.For instance, According to the World Health
Organization, diarrhea is the cause of 4% of deaths in global and causes approximately 2.2 million people to die each year. It is defined as acute if lasting less than 7 days, prolonged if lasting 7 to 13 days, persistent if lasting 14 to 29 days, and chronic if lasting 30 days or longer.The reasons of contamination behind such a gastrointestinal infection are common bacterial, viral, and parasitic pathogens spread via food, via contaminated water, or spread from person to person. (Sell&Dolan,2018).Therefore,the quality of food,water and staying in distance from people who are contaminated are crucial factors for having protection of gastrointestinal infections.Apart from this,Gastroenteritis is also one of the intestinal infections that children suffer.It causes diarrhea, vomiting, nausea and other symptoms of digestive upset. In the global world, the most common causes of gastroenteritis in children are viruses, bacteria and intestinal parasites mentioned above .In global world,gastroenteritis is a major reason for childhood deaths, primarily in developing nations where sanitation and health care are poor.(HHA,2020).Although,There is no specific treatment for gastrointestinal infection in children, drinking enough water or food or have the water sanitation are one of the crucial treatments for preventing such contaminations. Some NGOs are also working for inhibiting such a situation or raise awareness about such infections.For instance Heeals is one of the NGOs that raises awareness on national and international level about sanitation, toilets and unsafe drinking water. Alongside awareness campaigns, HEEALS organization also ensures that communities are equipped to tackle these issues, by providing toilets in the areas most at risk, and by providing equipment such as water purification tablets, water tanks, soap and sanitary towels for young girls and boys.Therefore,it fuels the awareness on gastrointestinal infections. To conclude,In developing countries gastrointestinal infection is one of the crucial diseases that children are moslt affected along with the relatively old individuals .It is not only significant to have early medical response but also have water sanitation,drinking enough water and have the distance with people who have such infection.Therefore,NGOs like Heeals are essential organizations for preventing or raising awareness in such diseases.

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Bibliography

Procop,G. (2001) . “GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS” Infectious Disease Clinics of North

America,Volume 15, Issue 4,p.1073-1108.Availabe at

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5520(05)70187-2.

Sell.J, and Dolan,B.(2018) ”Common Gastrointestinal Infections” Primary Care: Clinics in

Office Practice,Volume 45, Issue 3,p.519-532,Available at

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pop.2018.05.008.

HHA.( 2020) “Gastroenteritis In Children” Harvard Health Publishing.Available at

https://www.health.harvard.edu/a_to_z/gastroenteritis-in-children-a-to-z

World mosquito day

World mosquito day is celebrated annually on August 20. It is a commemoration of a British doctor, Sir Ronald Ross’s discovery in 1897 that ‘female mosquitoes transmit malaria between humans’. The London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine organizes world mosquito day celebrations every year, since the 1930s.

Mosquitoes are one of the deadliest animals in the world. Their ability to carry and spread diseases to humans causes millions of deaths every year. There are several different mosquitoes that can carry many different diseases. Aedes, Anopheles, Culex mosquitoes act as vectors (living organisms that can transmit infectious diseases between humans or from animals to humans) for the following diseases-

Aedes: Chikungunya, Dengue fever, Lymphatic filariasis, Rift Valley fever, Yellow fever, Zika

Anopheles: Malaria, Lymphatic filariasis (in Africa)

Culex: Japanese encephalitis, Lymphatic filariasis, West Nile fever

Facts about mosquito borne diseases:

·         Female Anopheles culicifacies is the main vector of malaria and commonly feeds on cattle as well as humans.

·         Anopheles (Vector of malaria) breeds in rainwater pools and puddles, borrow pits, river bed pools, irrigation channels, seepages, rice fields, wells, pond margins, sluggish streams with sandy margins.

·         Anopheles mosquito mostly bites between dusk and dawn.

·         Female Aedes aegypti transmits dengue, chikungunya, zika and yellow fever diseases to humans.

·         Ae. aegypti bites most frequently during daytime, and peak biting periods are early in the morning and in the evening before dusk.

·         Aedes aegypti mosquito breeds in any type of manmade containers or storage containers having even a small quantity of water.

·         Eggs of Aedes aegypti can live without water for more than one year.

·         Ae. aegypti usually fly an average of 400 metres, but it can be transported accidently by humans from one place to another.

·         Only female mosquitoes require a blood meal and bite animals while male mosquitoes do not bite but feed on the nectar of flowers or other suitable sugar source. 

Prevent mosquito borne diseases by ‘Integrated vector management (IVM)’: IVM includes:

 (a) Vector surveillance- Larval surveys and adult surveys are important for early detection of mosquito population so that proper control measures can be initiated at an early stage.

(b) Vector management- It includes methods to eliminate mosquito breeding and adult mosquito population. These are –

(i) Environment management:

It includes efforts to reduce actual or potential larval (immature stages of mosquitoes) habitats in and around houses by:

·         Covering all water containers in the house to prevent fresh egg laying by the vector.

·         Emptying and drying water tanks, containers, coolers, bird baths, pets’ water bowls, plant pots, drip trays at least once each week.

·         Removing discarded items that collect rainwater from open spaces. 

·         Regularly checking for clogged gutters and flat roofs that may have poor drainage.

(ii) Biological control-

·         Introducing larvivorous fishes (Gambusia/ Guppy) in ornamental water tanks/garden.

·         Using bacteria, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt H-14) as biological larvicide in stagnant water. It poses no danger to humans, non-targeted animal species, or the environment when used according to directions.

(iii) Chemical control-

·         Chemical larvicides (such as temephos) are used in permanent big water containers where water has to be conserved or stored because of scarcity of water or irregular and unreliable water supply.

·         Adulticide- In areas where cases of dengue, chikungunya, and/or Zika virus infection are detected pyrethrum spray or malathion fogging or ultra-low volume (ULV) spray are recommended for the control of adult mosquitoes. Indoor residual spraying with insecticides is used to control malaria.

(c) Personal protective/preventive measures-

·         using insect repellent;

·         wearing clothes (preferably light-coloured) that cover as much of the body as possible;

·         using physical barriers such as screening the windows and doors.

·         sleeping under mosquito nets even during day time.

·         patients infected with dengue, chikungunya, or zika virus, their household members, and community must follow personal preventive measures.

The National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP)* It is one of the technical departments of the Directorate General of Health Services under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India and is the nodal agency responsible for the prevention and control of all vector-borne diseases in India.

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DONATORS LOCATED IN INDIA

Account Number: 002101200566

Bank: ICICI 

Address: ICICI, Gurgaon Branch

Sco-18 & 19 Sector -14, Huda Shopping Center, Gurgaon -122001                   

RTGS/NEFT IFSC CODE: ICIC0000021

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WEDNESDAY, 12 AUGUST 2020

Spiritual Capital Of India

Volunteer & Explore Spiritual Capital Of India 

Varanasi is a city in the northern Indian state of #UttarPradesh dating to the 11th century B.C. Regarded as the #spiritual #capital of #India, the city draws #Hindu pilgrims who bathe in the #Ganges River’s sacred #waters and perform funeral rites. Along the city's winding streets are some 2,000 temples, including Kashi Vishwanath, the “Golden Temple,” dedicated to the Hindu god Shiva.

Varanasi also known as Benares,
or Kashi is a city on the banks of the river Ganges in Uttar Pradesh, India, 320 kilometres (200 mi) south-east of the state capital, Lucknow, and 121 kilometres (75 mi) east of Allahabad. A major #religious hub in India, it is the holiest of the seven sacred cities (Sapta Puri) in #Hinduism and #Jainism, and played an important role in the development of #Buddhism and #Ravidassia. Varanasi lies along National Highway 2, and is served by Varanasi Junction railway station and Lal Bahadur Shastri International Airport. Varanasi grew as an important industrial centre famous for its #muslin and #silk fabrics, perfumes, ivory works, and sculpture. #Buddha is believed to have founded Buddhism here around 528 BCE when he gave his first sermon, "The Setting in Motion of the Wheel of #Dharma", at nearby #Sarnath. The city's religious importance continued to grow in the 8th century, when Adi Shankara established the worship of #Shiva as an official sect of Varanasi. During the Muslim rule through the Middle Ages, the city continued as an important centre of Hindu devotion, pilgrimage, mysticism and poetry which further contributed to its reputation as a centre of cultural importance and religious education. #Tulsidas wrote his epic poem on Rama's life called #RamCharitManas in Varanasi.

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Kindly Donate To Sustain Our Work In Corona Pandemic

Donation Details Are Below

DONATORS LOCATED IN INDIA

Account Number: 002101200566

Bank: ICICI 

Address: ICICI, Gurgaon Branch

Sco-18 & 19 Sector -14, Huda Shopping Center, Gurgaon -122001                   

RTGS/NEFT IFSC CODE: ICIC0000021

INTERNATIONAL DONATORS

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Important notice !

The monsoon has arrived, all of you are requested not to allow rain water / clean water to gather anywhere. Follow hygiene sanitation practice. Take special care of cleanliness. Together we have to stop the breeding of malaria & dengue mosquitoes. We requested to all of you to Support us in this war against malaria & dengue. Thank you!

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Kindly Donate To Sustain Our Work In Corona Pandemic

Donation Details Are Below

DONATORS LOCATED IN INDIA

Account Number: 002101200566

Bank: ICICI 

Address: ICICI, Gurgaon Branch

Sco-18 & 19 Sector -14, Huda Shopping Center, Gurgaon -122001                   

RTGS/NEFT IFSC CODE: ICIC0000021

INTERNATIONAL DONATORS

Please email: communications@heeals.org

United we fall, Divided we stand !

United we fall, Divided we stand !

A little distance can unite us all.
Keep social distance.
Social distancing and self quarantine are necessary to break the chain of corona virus .It is one of the most effective way to fight against COVID -19.

-Pooja Sarkar

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Kindly Donate To Sustain Our Work In Corona Pandemic

Donation Details Are Below

DONATORS LOCATED IN INDIA

Account Number: 002101200566

Bank: ICICI 

Address: ICICI, Gurgaon Branch

Sco-18 & 19 Sector -14, Huda Shopping Center, Gurgaon -122001                   

RTGS/NEFT IFSC CODE: ICIC0000021

INTERNATIONAL DONATORS

Please email: communications@heeals.org